The book has been thoroughly revised and updated in the light of recent advances in the field of education. Apart from this two new chapters have also been added viz. '; innovation; what, why and how? '; and accountability in education. Like the previous edition, the book has been written to acquaint the prospective and in-service teachers with the latest developments in the field of teaching-learning. Out of innumerable innovations that have emerged in the educational scene in the developed countries, The author has focused attention on a selected few which are relevant to this study. The knowledge of these innovative practices will be of great help to the teachers who are serious to experiment with them in classroom instruction. It provides a new style giving brief introduction of the topic and specifying the objectives of each Chapter in the beginning to avoid wild guessing on the part of the reader. The problems of introducing innovations in the Indian system of education have been discussed in detail. The book is meant to be a textbook for B.Ed., M.Ed., M.Phil, and ma (education) students of all universities.